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Objective:To summarize the clinical researches of Wumei Pill and provide reference for clinical application and follow-up research.Methods:The databases CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, CBM, PubMed, Embase were retrieved from the inception to June 30,2022. CiteSpace 6.1.R3 software was used to analyze the research hotspots and keywords in the literature. Using EndNote X9 software and Microsoft Office Excel 2013, we recorded and analyzed the published year, literature type, affiliated journal, disease treated, TCM syndrome type, single drug dose and treatment duration of the included articles.Results:212 articles were included. Diarrhea, gastritis, diabetes, insomnia were the research hotspots. The types of diseases treated by Wumei Pill mainly include digestive system, endocrine system and tumor, mainly for cold-heat syndrome and Jueyin syndrome. The average dosage of Mume Fructus was the largest, 21 g. The average treatment time was 5.78 weeks. Conclusion:At present, the overall clinical research of Wumei pill shows an increasing tendency, mainly involving gastrointestinal disease.
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OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the clinical features, biochemical characteristics and molecular pathogenesis of a girl with isovaleric acidemia.@*METHODS@#Clinical features, blood spot amino acid profiles and urinary organic acid profiles of the patient were analyzed. Targeted capture, next generation sequencing and Sanger sequencing were carried out to detect potential variant of the IVD gene.@*RESULTS@#The patient presented with poor weight gain, poor feeding, lethargy, and a "sweaty feet" odor 10 days after birth. Biochemical test suggested hyperammonemia. Blood spot amino acid profiles displayed a dramatic increase in isovalerylcarnitine (C5: 3. 044, reference range 0.04 - 0.4 μmol/L). Organic acid analysis of her urine sample revealed a high level of isovaleric glycine (669. 53, reference range 0 - 0.5). The child was ultimately diagnosed with isovaleric acidemia, and was found to harbor a paternally derived heterozygous variant c.149G>A (p.R50H) and a maternally derived heterozygous variant c.1123G>A (p.G375S) of the IVD gene. Her elder brother was a heterozygous carrier of c.1123G>A (p.G375S) variant. The c.149G>A (p.R50H) was a known pathogenic variant, while the c.1123G>A (p.G375S) variant was previously unreported.@*CONCLUSION@#The pathogenesis of the patient was delineated from the perspective of genetics, which has provided a basis for clinical diagnosis, treatment as well as genetic counseling.
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Child , Female , Humans , Male , Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors/genetics , Heterozygote , Isovaleryl-CoA Dehydrogenase/genetics , MutationABSTRACT
Objective To estimate the health-adjusted life expectancy (HALE) of adults in Zhejiang province and evaluate the health status of the adults.Methods This study was based on the mortality data collected from Zhejiang Chronic Disease Surveillance Information and Management System,and mortality rates from the underreporting survey and self-reported health data in 2016.Hierarchical Ordered Probit (HOPIT) model was used to estimate the severity-weighted prevalence of disability.Sullivan's method was used to calculate the HALE.Results After adjustment by HOPIT model,the severity-weighted prevalence of disability increased significantly with age (x2=5 795.81,P＜0.001),and it was higher in females than in males (x2=5 353.27,P＜0.001).The life expectancy and self-evaluated HALE were 59.08 years and 48.68 years,respectively,in those aged ≥20 years,the difference was 10.40 years due to disability.The proportion of HALE loss due to disability in the total life expectancy was 17.61％,and it increased with age.HALE was higher in males than in females (49.21 years vs.48.14 years),and in urban residents than in rural residents (49.92 years vs.47.43 years).Conclusion The proportion of loss of HALE in the total life expectancy in adults was high in Zhejiang,and it higher in males than in females,in urban residents than rural residents.Programs on improving health care in women and rural residents should be promoted.
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Objective To estimate the health-adjusted life expectancy (HALE) of adults in Zhejiang province and evaluate the health status of the adults.Methods This study was based on the mortality data collected from Zhejiang Chronic Disease Surveillance Information and Management System,and mortality rates from the underreporting survey and self-reported health data in 2016.Hierarchical Ordered Probit (HOPIT) model was used to estimate the severity-weighted prevalence of disability.Sullivan's method was used to calculate the HALE.Results After adjustment by HOPIT model,the severity-weighted prevalence of disability increased significantly with age (x2=5 795.81,P＜0.001),and it was higher in females than in males (x2=5 353.27,P＜0.001).The life expectancy and self-evaluated HALE were 59.08 years and 48.68 years,respectively,in those aged ≥20 years,the difference was 10.40 years due to disability.The proportion of HALE loss due to disability in the total life expectancy was 17.61％,and it increased with age.HALE was higher in males than in females (49.21 years vs.48.14 years),and in urban residents than in rural residents (49.92 years vs.47.43 years).Conclusion The proportion of loss of HALE in the total life expectancy in adults was high in Zhejiang,and it higher in males than in females,in urban residents than rural residents.Programs on improving health care in women and rural residents should be promoted.
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Objective To investigate the clinical effect of transumbilical single-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy versus conventional three -trocar conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Methods A total of 62 patients with gallstones or gallbladder polyps who were admitted to Yan'an People's Hospital from January 2015 to December 2016 were enrolled,and according to the admission number,these patients were divided into three-trocar group with 32 patients treated with laparoscopic cholecystectomy with three holes and single-port group with 30 patients treated with single-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy.The two groups were compared in terms of time of operation,intraoperative blood loss,abdominal wall beauty score,Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score before surgery and at 1 and 3 days after surgery,application of analgesics,levels of liver function parameters alanine aminotransferase (ALT),aspartate aminotransferase (AST),and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) before surgery and at 24 hours after surgery,hospital costs,and complications during the 1-month follow-up.The t-test was used for comparison of continuous data between groups,and the matched t-test was used for comparison before and after treatment.The chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups.Results Compared with the three-trocar group,the single-port group had a significantly higher abdominal wall beauty score after treatment (4.89 ±0.10 vs 3.15 ±0.34,t =4.910,P =0.039),a significantly shorter length of postoperative hospital stay (2.58 ±0.53 d vs 4.35 ±0.24 d,t =-5.459,P =0.032),a significantly longer time of operation (78.15 ±4.21 min vs 50.84 ±5.12 min,t =4.455,P =0.047),a significantly lower VAS score at 1 and 3 days after surgery (at 1 day after surgery:4.72 ± 0.58 vs 6.37 ± 0.45,t =-7.060,P ＜ 0.001;at 3 days after surgery:3.24 ± 0.83 vs 5.45 ± 0.94,t =-4.644,P ＜0.001),and a significantly lower proportion of patients who used analgesics (20.0％ vs 37.5％,x2 =6.768,P =0.009).Both groups had significant increases in the levels of ALT,AST,and ALP after surgery,and the single-port group had significantly lower levels than the three-trocar group (all P ＜ 0.001).During the 1-month follow-up,there was no significant difference in the incidence rate of complications between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Transumbilical sing-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy has small surgical trauma and invisible scars after surgery.Patients feel little pain and are satisfied with the appearance of skin at the surgical site.This surgical procedure does not increase complications and has little influence on liver function.It needs a longer time of operation compared with three-trocar laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
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Objective To evaluate the impact of diabetes prevalence and mortality on health life expectancy (HLE).Methods A cause-excluded health adjusted life expectancy method was used to quantitatively analyze the impact of diabetes on HLE and the composition of health life losses (HLL),using the integrated data on population mortality,self-assessed health status and diabetes prevalence.Results The HLE for people aged 15 was 55.80 in Zhejiang,in 2013.After removing the diabetes morbidity and mortality,the HLE for men aged 15 increased by 0.86 and 1.13,respectively,with an increase of 1.04 and 0.66 for urban and rural residents.Substantial increase of HLE was observed in women and urban residents than those for men and rural residents.HLL caused by diabetes mortality and morbidity appeared as 0.10 and 0.79,with a ratio of 7.92.Conclusion HLL caused by diabetes mortality was much greater than those caused by diabetes mortality,suggesting the most effective measure in reducing the diabetes-related HLL is to promote the healthy lifestyle in urban areas and especially for women.
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Diabetes has become the world's major public health problem in the 21th century.Increasing attention has been paid to the importance of healthy sleep abroad,whereas less attention has been paid to it in China.Through literature study,this paper summarizes the current status of epidemiology and laboratory research on the relationship between sleep duration and incidence of type 2 diabetes,insulin sensitivity and blood glucose control both at home and abroad,and introduces the underlying mechanisms in order to provide evidence for further studies and the prevention and management of diabetes.
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Objective To evaluate the impact of diabetes prevalence and mortality on health life expectancy (HLE).Methods A cause-excluded health adjusted life expectancy method was used to quantitatively analyze the impact of diabetes on HLE and the composition of health life losses (HLL),using the integrated data on population mortality,self-assessed health status and diabetes prevalence.Results The HLE for people aged 15 was 55.80 in Zhejiang,in 2013.After removing the diabetes morbidity and mortality,the HLE for men aged 15 increased by 0.86 and 1.13,respectively,with an increase of 1.04 and 0.66 for urban and rural residents.Substantial increase of HLE was observed in women and urban residents than those for men and rural residents.HLL caused by diabetes mortality and morbidity appeared as 0.10 and 0.79,with a ratio of 7.92.Conclusion HLL caused by diabetes mortality was much greater than those caused by diabetes mortality,suggesting the most effective measure in reducing the diabetes-related HLL is to promote the healthy lifestyle in urban areas and especially for women.
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Diabetes has become the world's major public health problem in the 21th century.Increasing attention has been paid to the importance of healthy sleep abroad,whereas less attention has been paid to it in China.Through literature study,this paper summarizes the current status of epidemiology and laboratory research on the relationship between sleep duration and incidence of type 2 diabetes,insulin sensitivity and blood glucose control both at home and abroad,and introduces the underlying mechanisms in order to provide evidence for further studies and the prevention and management of diabetes.
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Objective To investigate the clinical effect of transumbilical single-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy versus conventional three -trocar conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Methods A total of 62 patients with gallstones or gallbladder polyps who were admitted to Yan'an People's Hospital from January 2015 to December 2016 were enrolled,and according to the admission number,these patients were divided into three-trocar group with 32 patients treated with laparoscopic cholecystectomy with three holes and single-port group with 30 patients treated with single-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy.The two groups were compared in terms of time of operation,intraoperative blood loss,abdominal wall beauty score,Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score before surgery and at 1 and 3 days after surgery,application of analgesics,levels of liver function parameters alanine aminotransferase (ALT),aspartate aminotransferase (AST),and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) before surgery and at 24 hours after surgery,hospital costs,and complications during the 1-month follow-up.The t-test was used for comparison of continuous data between groups,and the matched t-test was used for comparison before and after treatment.The chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups.Results Compared with the three-trocar group,the single-port group had a significantly higher abdominal wall beauty score after treatment (4.89 ±0.10 vs 3.15 ±0.34,t =4.910,P =0.039),a significantly shorter length of postoperative hospital stay (2.58 ±0.53 d vs 4.35 ±0.24 d,t =-5.459,P =0.032),a significantly longer time of operation (78.15 ±4.21 min vs 50.84 ±5.12 min,t =4.455,P =0.047),a significantly lower VAS score at 1 and 3 days after surgery (at 1 day after surgery:4.72 ± 0.58 vs 6.37 ± 0.45,t =-7.060,P ＜ 0.001;at 3 days after surgery:3.24 ± 0.83 vs 5.45 ± 0.94,t =-4.644,P ＜0.001),and a significantly lower proportion of patients who used analgesics (20.0％ vs 37.5％,x2 =6.768,P =0.009).Both groups had significant increases in the levels of ALT,AST,and ALP after surgery,and the single-port group had significantly lower levels than the three-trocar group (all P ＜ 0.001).During the 1-month follow-up,there was no significant difference in the incidence rate of complications between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Transumbilical sing-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy has small surgical trauma and invisible scars after surgery.Patients feel little pain and are satisfied with the appearance of skin at the surgical site.This surgical procedure does not increase complications and has little influence on liver function.It needs a longer time of operation compared with three-trocar laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
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Objective@#To explore the thermal damage to epithelial cell adhesion molecule(EpCAM)-positive tumor cells by novel aptamer-guided magnetic nanoparticles(AptNPs).@*Methods@#EpCAM aptamer SYL3C was connected to NPs via biotin-streptavidin reaction. The diameter of AptNPs were characterized by Dynamic Light Scattering(DLS). The binding feature of the aptamer to EpCAM-positive tumor cells was evaluated by Prussian blue dyeing. Thermal damage under alternative magnetic field was measured bylactate dehydrogenase (LDH). The apoptosis of EpCAM-positive tumor cells was detected by acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) double staining.@*Results@#The average size of AptNPs was 282 nm. Flow cytometry and Prussian blue dyeing showed that AptNPs exhibited strong binding to the EpCAM-positive tumor cells but not to the EpCAM-negative tumor cells. Moreover, when incubated with 1.5×108 AptNPs under alternative electromagnetic fieldfor 5 hours, the viability of EpCAM-positive HCT116 cells and A549 cells was 28.9% and 54.4%, respectively, significantly lower than 76.7% of EpCAM-negative HepG2 cells (P<0.05).@*Conclusions@#AptNPs can improve the thermal damage to EpCAM-positive tumor cells, and may have potential utility in the development of tumor targeted therapy.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To estimate the disease burden of type 2 diabetes in population in Zhejiang in 2013.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>According to the method in global burden of disease study (GBD) 2010, the related disability adjusted life years (DALYs), years of life lost (YLL) and years lived with disability (YLD) were calculated by using the incidence, prevalence and mortality data of type 2 diabetes in population in Zhejiang and DISMODⅡ.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The overall DALYs of type 2 diabetes was 5.36 per 1000 population, which was higher in women (5.49 per 1000) than in men (5.24 per 1000), The population in urban area had higher DALYs (5.47 per 1000) than those in rural area (5.42 per 1000). The DALYs in old population was high, which peaked in age group 80-84 years (32.63 per 1000) with YLL/YLD of 0.62. The disease burden of type 2 diabetes was mainly caused by disability.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The YLL of type 2 diabetes in Zhejiang was higher than the national average level.</p>
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Female , Humans , Male , China , Epidemiology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 , Epidemiology , Disabled Persons , Incidence , Prevalence , Quality-Adjusted Life Years , Rural Population , Urban PopulationABSTRACT
Objective To research the clinical value between gene polymorphism of human platelet alloantigens (HPA) 1-6, 9, 15 and platelet transfusion refractoriness ( PTR) .Methods Totally 40 patients with platelet transfusion refractoriness( PTR) were randomly selected, and patients and donors’ peripheral blood specimens were collected and tested these samples with platelet GP specific antibodies, and judged the results of platelet transfusion, and with the help of the combination of PCR and direct sequencing for classification of HPA 1-6,9,15 antigens and observe the percent platelet recovery ( PPR ) after the same type of platelet transfusion, and explore the relationship between HPA gene polymorphism and PTR. Results There was no HPA-b gene was found neither on patients and donors’ HPA 1,4,9, showed the distribution of aa homozygous form; HPA 5,6 were mainly aa homozygous form, little bb homozygous form was discorvered.And HPA 2,3,15 were distributed of polymorphism, the frequency of HPA 2,3,5,6,15 were found with polymorphism.Conclusion For these patients who were happened with PRT many times, in addition to taking HLA into account, HPA gene polymorphism are also need to be considered.Most people only need to test patients and donors’ HPA2,3,15 gene to decrease the occurrence of PTR significantly when making HPA matching.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the association between sleep duration and stroke in adults.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Baseline data of 57 704 subjects who were aged 30-79 years and enrolled into China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) study from Tongxiang county, Zhejiang province were analyzed. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate the putative association between sleep duration and stroke after adjusting for potential confounders.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean age of the subjects was (53.15 ± 10.20) years in males and (51.72 ± .69) years in females, respectively. There were 14.43% of males and 15.30% of females reporting sleep durations ≤ 6 hours per day and 5.39% of males and 5.95% of females reporting long duration of sleep (≥ 10 hours per day). The prevalence of stroke was 0.92% in males compared with 0.44% in females. The prevalence of stroke showed a U-shaped distribution with sleep duration. Compared with 7 hours sleep duration per day, long sleep duration (≥ 10 hours per day) was associated with stroke. The odds ratios (OR) were 2.11 (95%CI: 1.32-3.37) for males and 2.13 (95%CI: 1.24-3.65) for females after adjusting for age, socioeconomic status, health behaviors and health status. No statistical significant association was found between short sleep duration and stroke. Meanwhile, frequent sleep snoring was found to be associated with stroke in females (OR=1.63, 95% CI: 1.11-2.40).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Longer sleep duration was found to be associated with higher risk of stroke in both males and females. Frequent sleep snoring would increase the risk of stroke in females.</p>
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Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , China , Epidemiology , Odds Ratio , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Sleep , Snoring , Stroke , Epidemiology , Time FactorsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To understand the association between type 2 diabetes and the risk of cancers.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Data related to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) cases and cancer cases were collected from Zhejiang Chronic Disease Surveillance Information and Management System (CDSIMS) , between January 1, 2007 and December 31, 2013. Cumulative incidence and relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>From 2007 to 2013, a total of 327 268 T2DM and 7 435 cancer cases were respectively reported and 778 439 person-years completed the followed-up program. Among the T2DM patients, incidence of cancers was 955.12 per 100 000, with standardized incidence as 458.05 per 100 000. Compared with people without T2DM, the risk of cancer incidence increased in T2DM patients (RR=1.68, 95%CI: 1.68-1.70). Risk appeared the highest in 20-39 year age group but decreased when the increase of age. In addition, the increased risk was still significant in T2DM patients aged ≥60 years (RR=1.21, 95%CI: 1.18-1.25).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Results from the study suggested that T2DM was associated with the increased risk of cancers, statistically.</p>
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Adult , Humans , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Age Distribution , China , Epidemiology , Cohort Studies , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 , Epidemiology , Incidence , Neoplasms , Epidemiology , Population Surveillance , Risk Assessment , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To survey the incidence of acute coronary events (nonfatal acute myocardial infarction and death from coronary heart disease), and analyze the trend and distribution characteristics in permanent residents aged 25 years and more across 30 surveillance regions of Zhejiang province from 2010 to 2012.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Through databases matching and duplicate checking, this study incorporated the register module of coronary disease and the cause of death register module in Zhejiang provincial information system for chronic non-communicable diseases surveillance and management. The distribution of incidence was calculated across gender, age groups, regions and times.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 31 872 person-time acute coronary events were identified. The gender- and age-standardized mean annual incidence was 81.56 per 100 000 people in overall population, with 94.33 in males and 68.27 in females. Age-standardized incidence was 87.90 and 77.36 per 100 000 people in urban and rural area, respectively. Urban area had higher incidence rate than rural in each of the three years, and had obvious trend of increasing (P < 0.001) compared with rural area (P = 0.331). Incidence rate also increased significantly with age (P < 0.001).In addition, compared with women, men had higher incidence in each age group (all P < 0.001). The incidence rate increased rapidly in population older than 75 years old. The highest incidence was observed in age group ≥ 85 years old, with 2 371.67 and 1 873.92 per 100 000 in males and females, respectively. Apparent seasonal trend was observed for acute coronary events, which was low in summer and high in winter.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Quantity and incidence for acute coronary events in residents aged 25 years and more of Zhejiang surveillance regions increased during 2010 to 2012. Male had higher incidence than female, and the incidence in urban areas was higher compared with rural areas. Residents older than 75 years old were high risk population of events, and winter was the high-occurrence season.</p>
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Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Acute Disease , Anterior Wall Myocardial Infarction , China , Epidemiology , Chronic Disease , Coronary Artery Disease , Coronary Disease , Diagnosis , Epidemiology , Disease Management , Incidence , Rural PopulationABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To study the liver damage mechanism in mice caused by the incompatibility of Daphne genkwa com-bined with Glycyrrhiza uralensis in aspect of liver transporter. METHODS:40 mice were equally randomized into a normal control (isometric normal saline)group,a group of G. uralensis [15 g(medicinal matierias)/kg],a group of D. genkwa [15 g(medicinal tatierias)/kg],a group of D. genkwa with G. uralensis in the ratio of 1∶1 [15 g(crude drug)/kg],a group of D. genkwa with G. uralensis in the ratio of 1∶3 [15 g(medicinal matierias)/kg](n=8). The mice were given the corresponding drug,ig,once a day for 7 consecutive days. HE staining was performed and then the pathomorphology of liver tissues were observed under the light mi-croscope,and calculation was made for pathological grading. Western blot method was employed to determine the protein expre-ssion of the transporter Ntcp protein in the livers of mice. The contents of total bile acids(TBA)in livers of mice were determined. RESULTS:Compared to the mice in the normal control group,those in the group of 1∶1 and 1∶3 demonstrated higher protein ex-pression of Ntcp. In the group of 1∶1,the mice with grade“+++”hepatocyte degeneration were more (8). The mice with grade“+++”and“++”hepatocyte degeneration in the groups of 1∶3 were more (2 and 8 respectively). CONCLUSIONS:D. genkwa combined with G. uralensis can induce liver damage in mice by a mechanism which may be related to the accumulation of a large amount of TBA in the liver as a result of the increase in the expression of Ntcp in mice.
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Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics of diabetes,and to provide effective prevention and intervention strategies for diabetes in Zhejiang Province.Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the surveillance data of diabetes from 2007 to 2012.Results 272 534 cases of new on-set diabetes were reported through the noncommunicable disease surveillance system in Zhejiang Province from 2007 to 2012,and the annual incidence was 277.08/100 000.According to different types of diabetes,the proportions of type 1,type 2,gestational,and other types diabetes were 0.69％,96.04％,2.23％,and 1.03％,respectively.The incidence was higher in urban and female population.The diabetes incidence was increased with 20.18％ per year and the growing speed of incidence in rural area and males were faster than those in urban area and females,respectively.The incidence in 70-year group was the highest and the growth speed in 20-year group was the fastest one.11.89％ of diabetes patients were diagnosed with complications simultaneously and the proportion of diabetic neuropathy,vasculopathy,and nephropathy was accounted for 82.81％.The incidence of diabetic complications was increased at first and then decreased from 2007 to 2012.Conclusion With the aging trends in Zhejiang province,the incidence will be increased rapidly,and the rural,male,and adolescence populations should be the focus objectives for the diabetes prevention and control in the future.Although the trend of diabetic complications incidence was tended to decline,the result should be confirmed by further researches.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To conduct a survival analysis of gastric cancer patients according to the data of population-based cancer registry during 2005-2010 in Zhejiang Province in order to provide information for prognosis assessment and control of this disease.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The deadline of the last follow-up of 26, 536 patients was December 31st, 2012. Cumulative observed survival rate (OSR) and expected survival rate were calculated by life table and Hakulinen method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>the 1-, 3-, and 5-year OSR were 58.51%, 39.07%, and 33.08%, and the 1-, 3-, and 5-year relative survival rates (RSR) were 60.24%, 42.90%, and 39.03%, respectively. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year relative survival rates of males vs. females were 60.49% vs. 59.65%, 42.88% vs. 42.96%, and 38.76% vs. 39.64%, respectively, statistically with non-significant differences (χ(2) = 0.13, P > 0.05) between them. The 5-year OSR and RSR of urban patients were 39.15% and 46.30%, and the 5-year OSR and RSR of rural patients were 30.81% and 36.32%, with statistically significant differences between them (P < 0.05). The 15-44 age group had a better relative survival rate.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The survival rate of gastric cancer patients in Zhejiang Province is low. Work of cancer prevention and control should be strengthened. The wide variation in gastric cancer survival rates between urban and rural patients indicates that priority should be given to rural areas in allocating medical and public health resources.</p>
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Female , Humans , Male , China , Epidemiology , Prognosis , Rural Population , Stomach Neoplasms , Epidemiology , Survival Analysis , Survival RateABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Using multilevel analysis model to analyze the regional-cluster and risk factors of blood pressure among adult residents in Zhejiang province.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally, 17 437 residents were studied through a multi-stage cluster random sampling method from 60 streets/townships. Risk factors on SBP and DBP were analyzed through a two-level regression model, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The average blood pressure in males appeared as: SBP (125.14±17.90) mmHg, DBP (80.02±10.07) mmHg, compared with SBP (123.36±20.20) mmHg, DBP (77.42±10.09) mmHg in females. The average blood pressure in urban areas were SBP (126.29 ± 19.46) mmHg, DBP (79.64±10.20) mmHg, compared with SBP (122.82±18.86) mmHg, DBP (77.99±10.08) mmHg in rural areas, with differences statistically significant (P < 0.001), between the two areas. Pearson correlation coefficients between SBP, SDP and age were 0.44 and 0.21(P < 0.001), respectively. 5.24% variation of the SBP and 4.96% variation of the DBP were attributed to the environmental factors. Factors as age, gender, hypertension in family history, taking medication for blood pressure, physical exercise, smoking, alcohol drinking, BMI, waist, FPG, TG and TC at the individual level. were associated with both SBP and SDP (P < 0.05). Family income seemed to be related to SBP. Education, reducing salt intake, intensity of occupation would affect on DBP. Influence of FPG and TC on SBP varied among streets/townships while relation between TC and DBP also varied.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The distribution of blood pressure showed regional-cluster phenomenon. Strategies for different regions directed to prevent hypertension should consider the individual factors such as age, BMI, FPG, TG, TC, the regional factors and the sensitivity of different population to factors.</p>